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    • Asking Questions
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  • 6Cs Articles
    • 1. Axe Body Spray (Critical Thinking)
    • 2. Utility Bills (Citizenship)
    • 3. Pork Roast (Creativity)
    • 4. Airplane Wheel (Character)
    • 5. Rosa Parks (Communication)
    • 6. Building Bridges (Citizenship)
    • 7. California Surfer (Character)
    • 8. Green Leader (Collaboration)
    • 9. Service Dog (Critical Thinking)
    • 10. Devious Sips (Citizenship)
    • 11. Online Shopping / Fraud (Critical Thinking)
  • SEL Stories
    • 1. US fighter pilot terrified of flying
    • 2. Change The Game – Earn Your Leisure
    • 3. This App Can Close The Gap
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    • 6. Dwayne Johnson – Hardest Worker
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Reading Comprehension 6Cs Article

Online Shopping and Fraud – Critical Thinking – Article 011

How much did Amazon make during the pandemic? How do sellers cheat the system?

Reading response article about CRITICAL THINKING and MULTIPLE POINTS of VIEW.

The informational text is differentiated into four reading levels (Grades 6, 8, 10, and 12.)

Differentiated Reading Text: Online Shopping and Fraud - SEL Critical Thinking

Want to see exactly what you get before you buy this product?

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  • Look at the PREVIEW PDF. 
    (It is a watermarked version of the entire PDF resource.)

This article goes well with the MAKING CONNECTIONS reading strategy.

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Do your students know…

  • How much do we spend online? (Try guessing.) 
  • How much did Amazon make during the pandemic?
  • How does Amazon calculate product ratings?
    (It’s not a simple average.)
  • How do sellers cheat the system by getting fake reviews?
  • Why would people be willing to leave fake reviews?

This article includes a Critical Thinking mini-lesson.

  • How to be FULL-MINDED and explore multiple sides of an issue 
  • Brainstorming prompts to think about different points of view.

The discussion handout includes six questions.


Online Shopping and Fraud

Americans will spend an estimated $207 billion in online shopping this holiday season. This is a ten percent increase from the previous year.

Adobe Analytics is a tool that businesses use to see how they are doing. The software examines over one trillion visits to U.S. retail sites. Adobe analyzes more sales data than any other company or research organization. In fact, they track over 100 million SKUs. (SKUs are the Stock Keeping Unit barcodes on the products we buy.)

Most of us recognize the Adobe brand. Adobe is famous for its graphics program, Photoshop. They have a well-known PDF reader. But this tech giant is also a big player in business intelligence. You may know some of the companies that use Adobe Analytics. Apple, CVS Pharmacy, and Walgreens use this software. Ben and Jerry’s, Nissan, Sprint, and WestJet are also customers.

Adobe gives businesses insights into how consumers shop in real-time. This way, companies make decisions based on live data instead of guessing.

But, Adobe also combines the sales data from everyone who uses their analytic tools. They use this to report on market trends. This report is part of their Digital Economy Index. On October 20th, 2021, Adobe published its online shopping forecast. The 2021 holiday season runs from November 1st to December 31st.

  • “Globally, online spending is expected to hit $910 billion this season, 11 percent growth year-over-year (YoY). Adobe expects over $4 Trillion ($4.1T) to be spent globally in all of 2021 — a new milestone for e-commerce.”

Big shopping days like Black Friday and Boxing Day are still important. But, data shows we do our online holiday shopping throughout the last two months of the year.

The world we live in has changed. Our parents may work in a nine-to-five job. They may work at the same company for their entire life. People today need to discover or invent new ways to earn a living. That might be a small restaurant changing to sell online during the pandemic. It could also be families trying to make ends meet by selling things from the garage. It’s not uncommon for people to work a side-gig. (A side gig is a job you do outside of your normal job because your regular job doesn’t pay enough.)

You can buy at any time using sites like Kijiji, Facebook Marketplace, eBay, and Etsy. Once a person sells something on these websites, they have to ship the item to the buyer.

Some companies now also offer fulfillment services. This makes it easier for people to sell online. For example, Amazon will handle shipping, returns, and customer service. They want to help you “deliver smiles.”

All sorts of people sell on Amazon. The “Sell on Amazon” webpage explains why. “Reach millions. Fresh new startups and Fortune 500s. B2B and B2C. Brand owners and resellers. They all sell on Amazon for a reason: 300 million customers shop our stores worldwide.”

Covid has changed the way we shop. Amazon is clearly a winner. Between January to March of 2021, Amazon tripled its profit compared to January to March in 2020. In other words, Amazon made more money. This is because the pandemic forced everyone to stay at home. Being at home meant more shopping online. Amazon’s financial results show how much. “Net income increased to $8.1 billion in the first quarter … compared with net income of $2.5 billion … in first quarter 2020.”

If you like this content, you should definitely check out the reading comprehension strategies PDF bundle.

Everyone can sell on Amazon. But, product reviews can drastically increase or decrease sales. (Unless you’re a huge brand.) The “Amazon Verified Purchase” review label is a gamechanger. It can make or break your store.

Amazon’s help page explains the label. “An ‘Amazon Verified Purchase’ review means we’ve verified that the person writing the review purchased the product at Amazon and didn’t receive the product at a deep discount.”

The Verified Purchase review label directly impacts a product’s rating. Better ratings lead to more sales. Amazon product ratings are not a simple average. Another help page explains how they use machine learning. Computers come up with a star rating. Algorithms consider “how recent the rating or review is and verified purchase status.”

Nicole Nguyen wrote a series of articles about Amazon in 2019. She writes for BuzzFeed News. She interviewed Jessica, a woman who buys things on Amazon with her own money. (Jessica is not her real name.) Jessica’s purchases are real. Her reviews are not. Jessica writes five-star reviews. Then, she gets her money back from the companies that sell these products.

“Jessica told BuzzFeed News she doesn’t think she’s gaming the system; she’s trying to help brands grow their businesses in Amazon’s massive marketplace.”

Nguyen reported that Amazon sellers run Facebook ads. They want people to leave a 5-star review. If you do, they will give you a full refund. If you click on some ads, a Facebook chatbot explains what to do. It will show you how to leave a review without looking fake.

“Search for a particular keyword, look for the brand name…, add the product to your Amazon Wish list, then order the product. Make sure you don’t use a gift card. Half of the refund will be issued within 24 hours of receipt. The other half will arrive after you send a screenshot of your review. But be sure to wait ONE WEEK before reviewing.”

Teachers, when you purchase this resource, you get this article in PDF, Google Doc, and Microsoft Word format differentiated at multiple reading levels. Otherwise, if you just copy / paste this content into a document, you’ll have to search for this paragraph so it doesn’t distract your students.

The product using this Facebook ad had the “Amazon’s Choice” label. “Amazon’s Choice” implies endorsement by Amazon. But algorithms determine which products get that label. And, fake reviews can influence algorithms.

U.S. Senators Bob Menendez and Richard Blumenthal took action. They asked Amazon for more information. They wanted to know how Amazon figured out who gets the “Amazon’s Choice” badge. The senators used examples from Nguyen’s article. The article was about how “‘Amazon’s Choice’ does not necessarily mean a product is good.”

“We write to express our concerns about the “Amazon’s Choice” badge and whether it deceives consumers into purchasing products of inferior quality… Your customers reasonably rely on the “Amazon’s Choice” badge to guide their final purchasing decisions… We are concerned the badge is assigned in an arbitrary manner, or worse, based on fraudulent product reviews.”

Brian Huseman works at Amazon. He is the Vice President of Public Policy. He responded and clarified what Amazon does. Amazon employees do not personally review the products that receive the badge. So employees are not looking at each product. They are not checking to make sure products meet a certain quality.

“While employees do not manually review every one of the more than 2 million products badged as Amazon’s Choice each month, we continuously monitor and review the program to refine and improve how we choose products we think customers will love. In the rare instances when we become aware of concerns with products we feature, we act quickly to address those concerns, including removing the Amazon’s Choice badge.”

Huseman said that algorithms decide which products get the “Amazon’s Choice” badge. Their computers look at many factors. This includes things like “popularity, available inventory, customer reviews, and ratings.” It also considers “pricing, customer service contacts, return rates, and product quality.” Huseman also confirmed everyone sees the “Amazon’s Choice” badge on the same products. Amazon does not change the label based on a buyer’s search and purchasing history.

Indeed, fake reviews are an issue. They directly influence our decisions to buy online. In 2018, Amazon spent over $400 million to fight misconduct. They were trying to stop review abuse and fraud. Amazon says giving incentives for reviews is not allowed. They may close your account. They might even take legal action. Huseman told the two senators that Amazon is suing over 1,000 defendants for reviews abuse.

Online e-commerce is a $4 trillion-a-year industry. There are a lot of different stakeholders. Many people are interested in this game. There is a neverending cycle of people trying to cheat the system and people trying to stop them. As people innovate to avoid detection, companies create more accurate fraud detection systems.

Ultimately, we need to use critical thinking to help us make more informed decisions before buying online.

Critical Thinking Discussion Questions:

One aspect of critical thinking means to be “full-minded” to help us make an informed decision. 

Sometimes, we make a quick decision with limited information.

Try to fill your mind with high-quality information to help you make an informed decision.

Look for facts from opposing points of view to challenge your opinions. Be open-minded.

Spend a few minutes brainstorming as many different nouns (people, places, companies, organizations, ideas) that could fit the following sentence stems.

(NOTE: You cannot use “Amazon” or “fake reviews” in your brainstorming answers.)

Critical Thinking – Brainstorm #1

Why might _________________ do more to stop fake reviews?

Why might they do less to stop fake reviews?

How does _________________ benefit if there are fake reviews?

How might they be at a disadvantage if there are fake reviews?

Critical Thinking – Brainstorm #2

Why might Amazon do more to ________________ ?

Why might Amazon do less of that?

How does Amazon benefit if they ____________________?

How might they be at a disadvantage if they ____________________?

Reading Comprehension Questions

Based on the article and the ideas about active Critical Thinking in the article, how would you answer the following questions: 

  1. What is the problem in this article? Who wins? Who loses?
  2. Who are the different stakeholders/people identified in this article? What might their points of view be?
  3. Whose perspectives are missing from this article? What might their points of view be?
  4. How can we think more critically when we shop on Amazon?
  5. How can we use the information in this article to help us think more critically when we shop online on other websites?
  6. Whose responsibility is it to solve this problem identified in question #1? Explain your thinking.
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Filed Under: Reading Comprehension 6Cs Article Tagged With: article-011, critical thinking

Devious Sips, TikTok trends, and Active Citizenship

Reading response article about CITIZENSHIP.

How can we discourage negative social media challenges like the Devious Licks TikTok challenge that destroyed school bathrooms in Sep 2021?

Reading comprehension article handout written at three different grade levels (Grades 6, 8, 10) with matching paragraph numbers. Includes sample answers.

Differentiated Reading Text: New TikTok challenge Devious Sips dares kids to take action - SEL Character

Want to see exactly what you get before you buy this product?

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  • Look at the PREVIEW PDF. 
    (It is a watermarked version of the entire PDF resource.)

This article goes well with the MAKING CONNECTIONS reading strategy.

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New TikTok Challenge Devious Sips Dares Kids to Take Action!

Ten discussion questions help students analyze and evaluate different responses to Devious Licks, including:

  • positive social media challenges,
  • arresting students, and
  • reporting videos to shut down social media accounts.
    (If you can’t post a video, it can’t go viral…)

Devious Sips and Devious Licks are really lessons in active citizenship. 

  • What do we do to encourage positive behaviors and challenge negative ones?
  • How is responding to racism similar or different from responding to Devious Licks?

New TikTok Challenge Devious Sips Dares Kids to Take Action

Allison Shay is a teacher on TikTok. She keeps up with the trends. She posted a video of students doing something positive at her school instead of a devious theft.

Two students walk down the hallway. They don’t trash bathrooms or steal soap dispensers. They also don’t swipe SMART boards and other classroom supplies. Instead, these students walk up to a teacher and hand them a warm drink and a new package of pencils.

Shay narrates the video with an excited voice. Other people have used her voice over on their TikTok videos. “New TikTok trend: You bring your favourite teacher their favourite hot drink and supplies for the classroom.”

Devious Sips is a feel good social media challenge. Teachers, students and parents are getting behind this one. Christina Marfice wrote on Scary Mommy about this trend on Sep 22, 2019.

“The hashtag for the challenge has already racked up 353,000 views, and you just love to see something so wholesome going all the way viral. Kids may be jerks sometimes… but this proves that they’re just as capable of being sweet and kind.”

Six days later, the hashtag #DeviousSips already has 1.8 million views on TikTok.

Devious Sips is in direct response to the Devious Licks challenge. In September 2021, some students vandalized school property. They would then post on TikTok to brag about it. A lick is slang for stealing something.

Phillip Hamilton first wrote about Devious Licks on Know Your Meme on Sep 8, 2021. “TikToker @dtx.2cent posted a video with the on-screen text “only a month into school and got this absolute devious lick” unzipping his backpack and pulling out a hand sanitizer dispenser that he [allegedly] stole… The video gained over 7.2 million views in two days.”

Hamilton discovered more information and updated the post. The trend started with TikToker @jugg4elias posting a video on Sep 1, 2021. The video showed a box of disposable masks in his backpack. The caption called it an “absolutely devious lick.” This original TikTok video that started the craze gained 239,000 views within a week.

Devious Lick affected many middle schools and high schools. Principals closed bathrooms. Officers arrested students and laid felony charges. News stations ran stories.

If you like this content, you should definitely check out the reading comprehension strategies PDF bundle.

Rob Dirienzo reported on Fox 5 Atlanta on Sep 20, 2021. Two middle school students were charged. The students destroyed a school bathroom and filmed the whole thing. “Authorities just arrested two kids at Evans Middle School in the county after a staff member noticed the soap dispenser in the bathroom was ripped off the wall and missing.”

Lt. Greg Vansant from the Newnan Police Department spoke with Fox 5 Atlanta News. “Those soap dispensers… or windows or anything like that are government property and any defacing or vandalizing of that property is a felony.”

Devious Licks can be disruptive, criminal and trending. But, like any internet fad, it will go away. A new challenge will replace Devious Licks. It looks like in October, the TikTok challenge is to slap a teacher, run away, and post the deed on TikTok.

Of course, there are many ways to try to stop Devious Licks. We can encourage students not to get involved. Or we can educate parents and students about the potential consequences. Students who commit Devious Licks that get into trouble might act as a warning to others.

There is also a simple action that we can all do. This action doesn’t get discussed as often. We can report the video and the user on the social media platform. We can try to get the website to take down the video and close the user account.

Reporting a video or user is not the same as leaving a comment or posting your own response video. Ironically, those actions might have the opposite result. Commenting show controversy. This can lead to more attention.

Sometimes, people ask others to stop watching, liking, sharing or commenting on videos. This may not stop viral trends. Some people love watching the poor choices people make. Just as much as they love watching funny cat videos.

TikTok uses an algorithm to figure out which videos to show you.  Choosing “not interested” only tells TikTok not to show this type of video to you. It is not a video take down request. But, clicking the “report” button can lead to the removal of the video.

Real people review the videos reported by people. These moderators decide if a video breaks the rules or not. TikTok can close the accounts of people who break the rules many times.

Once someone clicks the “report” button, the app lists several reasons. This includes “illegal activities and regulated goods”. When a person selects that option, a new menu appears with more options. Some Devious Lick videos show the destruction of school property or theft. TikTok can remove these videos under the “promotion of criminal activities” option.

The app will then say that they prohibit “content that depicts or promotes criminal activities.” After sending a report, TikTok thanks the user. They will “review your report and take action if there is a violation of our community guidelines.”

At this point, there is an option to view the status of other videos you have reported. TikTok shows a message in the inbox. It will say that you anonymously reported the video. At first, the status will be “under review.” If TikTok agrees with the complaint, the website will take down the video. 

Can a person repost a video that was taken down? Absolutely. Can they create another account? Definitely. Can they post the video on a different social media channel? One hundred percent. Can they post a video with a variation of a hashtag that has been shut down? Certainly.

But, that shouldn’t stop people from reporting videos and users. Making a community safer requires active citizenship. This is an on-going process. It’s not a simple one-time action.

We are part of many communities. We belong to our classroom community, our school community, and our online communities. Citizenship is more than simply having a passport. It’s more than being a citizen of a place. It’s about being part of that community.

Active citizenship is not about everyone agreeing. We don’t have to all get along. In fact, hard conversations about controversial issues are important. They bring attention to groups of people that are treated poorly. Disagreeing about things can lead to change. This might help make things more fair. 

TikTok is like any other social platform. They have a Terms of Service. You must agree to this document if you want an account. This gives them the legal right to “disable your user account at any time.” It also gives TikTok the right (but not the obligation) to take action. They can use their “sole discretion to remove, disallow, block or delete any User Content” that they consider violates their policies. The website can do this “in response to complaints from other users.”

Of course, TikTok will not delete a video simply because people disagree with it and report it. Their community guidelines explain what can and cannot be posted on TikTok. Reporting illegal activities on TikTok might be one way to slow down viral trends like Devious Licks.

Some people on the internet don’t care about trending on social media. But, many people post because they want the likes. They want lots of followers. So what happens when people lose this audience? Would people destroy school property if they knew they would lose their account? 

TikTok deleted the Devious Licks videos from @jugg4elias and @dtx.2cent. They also shut down their accounts. These two TikTokers lost all any followers they gained because of their viral videos. They wasted any effort they put into gaining followers before their devious theft.

Devious Sips and Devious Licks are lessons in active citizenship. What do we do as a group of people to encourage positive behaviours and challenge negative ones?

Teachers, when you purchase this resource, you get this article in PDF, Google Doc, and Microsoft Word format differentiated at multiple reading levels. Otherwise, if you just copy / paste this content into a document, you’ll have to search for this paragraph so it doesn’t distract your students.

In October 2020, The New York Times ran an article about how to be an active bystander. The article focused on casual racism. There are similarities between dealing with racism and dealing with negative social media trends.

The article cites Monica Reyna. Reyna is a violence prevention educator at the Advocates. “Active bystanders see something bad happen and make discrete choices to respond to the concerning behavior.”

Reyna gave examples about what active bystanders can do when they see acts of racism. Active bystanders can record suspected police brutality. They can also challenge racist comments made during dinner conversations. Active bystanders might use humour to point out how a “compliment” might actually be racist. The idea of taking action when we see something bad is important.

We often think that we should mind our business and not get involved. Beryl Domingo is an active bystander coordinator at Quabbin Mediation. She explains why this shouldn’t be the case.

“When you don’t do something, the person doing the harm assumes that you’re in agreement with their actions… If we don’t challenge them, they will continue to do what they do and they will influence other people to do the same.”

Domingo talks about building “moral courage” to become a more active bystander. Her lessons about dealing with racism work well in many situations.

Many students won’t take part in negative social media challenges. But a few students do these negative actions because they want a little bit of social media fame. What if we took away that incentive by shutting down their videos and accounts?

How can we be active citizens when we see negative social media challenges? Do we report an illegal video to TikTok? Should we take part in feel-good challenges like Devious Sips? Or should we choose to be an active bystander in a different way? The real question is how can we respond in a way that helps make the world a better place?

Reading Comprehension Questions

Based on the article and the ideas about active citizenship in the article, how would you answer the following questions:

  1. What is the Devious Sips challenge? What is the Devious Licks challenge?
  2. How are closing bathrooms, suspending students, or arresting students similar? How are these approaches different? Which approach might be the most effective in stopping Devious Licks at a school?
  3. Why do some videos go viral but not others? What might stop a video from going viral? 
  4. What would it take for the Devious Sips challenge to go viral? How could you contribute to that? Sometimes there are unintended consequences to our actions. What might be a downside to the Devious Sips challenge?
  5. The article suggests reporting videos to TikTok in an effort to discourage Devious Licks at a school. Why might reporting videos shut down the trend at a school? Why might this approach fail?
  6. How might dealing with Devious Licks be similar to dealing with racism? How might dealing with Devious Licks be different from dealing with racism?
  7. What lessons can we learn from dealing with Devious Licks that might help us to discourage racism? What lessons can we learn from dealing with racism that might help us to discourage Devious Licks? 
  8. What do you think is the most effective response to the Devious Licks challenge? Explain your thinking. 
  9. Create another option to discourage Devious Licks at a school. Why might this option work well? What might be some of the unintended consequences of this approach? 
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Filed Under: Reading Comprehension 6Cs Article Tagged With: article-010, citizenship

Service Dog – Is this Discrimination? (Critical Thinking)

High-interest CRITICAL THINKING reading article.

  • A school prevented a boy with autism from bringing his service animal to class.
  • A Human Rights Tribunal said this was okay.
  • Students explore multiple points of view to try to make an informed decision about whether this was systemic discrimination.

This reading comprehension article handout is differentiated at four grade levels:

  • approximately grades 5, 7, 9, and 11.
Product Cover: Differentiated Reading Text - Service Dog Not Allowed in Class to Help Boy with Autism; SEL: Critical Thinking

Want to see exactly what you get before you buy this product?

  • Watch the PREVIEW VIDEO
  • Look at the PREVIEW PDF. 
    (It is a watermarked version of the entire PDF resource.)

This article goes well with the INFERRING reading strategy.

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This informational text is about Critical Thinking and how to seek out high-quality information from both sides to help make an informed opinion about controversial topics.

In Canada, a Human Rights Tribunal said it was okay for a school to deny a boy with autism his service animal in the class.

This ruling is controversial. It has sparked debate over service dogs in school. It also shows barriers that students with disabilities face in the education system.

The takeaway message is that we can make more informed decisions by becoming full-minded. 

  • It’s important to think about the information you have.
  • Then, try to figure out what information you might be missing.
  • Finally, we need to go out and look for that missing information and consider how it might be right. 

Students get an opportunity to think about different points of view:

  • the parents who say this is discrimination,
  • the school board who says what they provide is enough,
  • the human rights tribunal that agrees with the school board, and
  • an accessibility lawyer that says the human rights tribunal failed. 

Service dog not allowed in class to help boy with autism.

In Canada, a Human Rights Tribunal said it was okay for a school to deny a boy with autism his service animal in class. This ruling is controversial. It sparked debate over service dogs in school. It shows barriers that students with disabilities face in the education system.

Kenner Fee is a 12 year old boy. He has autism. His service dog Ivy helps him function. The dog calms him down. This way, he can focus. He can also be more confident.

In Grade 2, Kenner was not allowed to bring Ivy to class. The school said the dog was not needed. It wouldn’t help him be independent. He wouldn’t do better with Ivy. 

The family asked the school board if Kenner could have Ivy in class. Two psychologists wrote medical notes. They supported Kenner having Ivy at school. But, the Waterloo Catholic District School Board still refused. The principal, superintendent, director, and school trustees all said no. 

So, the parents filed a human rights complaint. They said this was discrimination. In Ontario, the law gives people with service dogs some rights. Kenner has the right to have Ivy when he uses services open to the public.

The school board said schools are not open to the public. The Education Act is a law that schools follow. It restricts who can access schools. So, the school does not have to let a service dog in. They do have to give everyone an equal education. Schools do this in other ways.

The Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario is an informal court. They held some hearings. Both sides gave evidence to prove their point. The parents said the school failed to accommodate their son’s disability. They refused access to Ivy. The school said they educate fairly. They don’t discriminate. Their psychologists felt they were doing enough.

In August 2017, the tribunal agreed with the school board. They said the family failed to prove Ivy would help Kenner improve.

Michelle McQuigge is a journalist. She summarized the 52 page ruling. She wrote an article in Global News. “The decision says Kenner Fee’s family failed to prove that having his black Labrador Ivy in the classroom would help him with his education.”

The tribunal thought the school board was doing enough. They said Kenner had a chance to succeed like everyone else. They also thought the school proved he didn’t need Ivy in class.

“[They] found that the Waterloo Catholic District School Board took all necessary steps to evaluate whether the dog was needed in the classroom, and supported the board’s decision not to allow the service animal to sit beside Kenner during lessons.”

Fred Gore is the Director of Schools for some private schools. He worked with Kenner and Ivy during the summer. This was at St. Jude’s school. St Jude’s is a temporary alternative to the public system. Bright and gifted students experiencing learning exceptionalities can go there.

The school board told the tribunal that Kenner was not visibly upset in the classroom. Fred was not at the tribunal. But, he talked with CTV Kitchener News. “If they can’t see that Kenner is getting upset, visibly upset, then they don’t understand autism. He can’t function without his dog. He needs Ivy with him.”

Loretta Notten is the Director of Education for the WCDSB. The WCDSB gets public funds. (It is not a private school system.) She gave a statement after they won. She said the board’s decisions were upheld by the tribunal. She talked about how the school board works. They bring each student to their “fullest potential.”

“We do have a policy that allows for service dogs, and we follow a consistent process for each child and make decisions based on a case by case basis. . . . As a board we have a responsibility to all our students and must make decisions in their collective best interest, balancing our resources to serve all to the best of our ability.”

Amy Fee is Kenner’s mother. She is also an elected politician. She works for the province. In 2019, she talked about a new government rule. Schools must allow service dogs when it supports the student’s learning needs.

“For some families they’ve been struggling for years to try and get their child to be able to attend class with their service animal. It can be a child with autism who struggles to regulate their emotions and through the use of their autism service dog is able to attend class, be with their peers and confidently participate in their education.”

This human rights ruling in 2017 is still a hot topic. David Lepofsky is a respected lawyer and professor. He is the Chair of the Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act Alliance. In 2020, he wrote an article. He said the Human Rights Tribunal failed.

“This case painfully illustrates the serious and unfair disability accessibility barriers that students with disabilities too often still face in Ontario’s education system. It shows how families are unfairly required to repeatedly fight against the same barriers, at school board after school board.”

David gives the following example.

“A school board would not be viewed as being sensitive to a student’s needs if it concluded: You don’t need those eyeglasses . . . , in order to read. Glasses . . . are a form of dependency that you should avoid. We’ll instead give you large print books and documents,  and that is enough to meet your needs.”

The family has done a lot. But, Kenner is still not allowed to bring Ivy to class.

Critical Thinking Mini-Lesson

Sometimes, we make a quick decision based on limited information. 

It’s easy to jump to simple conclusions about complex issues – especially when we feel passionately about the issue or the topic is controversial. (Controversy means a prolonged public disagreement about something that people feel strongly about.) 

Being full minded is a critical thinking strategy we can use to help us form a logical opinion about a controversial subject. It means you try to fill your mind with high-quality information to help you make a better informed decision.  

  • First, think about the information you have. What point of view or perspective does this information represent? Is this primary source information directly from someone involved in the issue? Or, is this a secondary source of information that includes some opinion or analysis of a primary source of information? 
  • Then, try to figure out what information you might be missing. Who might have a different or opposite point of view? Where could we get information directly from the source so we can form our own opinions? 
  • Finally, go out and look for that missing information. Consider how it might be right. Try to be open minded as you get information that disagrees with what you believe. Start from the other point of view and work your way backwards to your point of view. 

Now, you can make a more informed decision because your mind is more full. 

Reading Comprehension Questions

Based on the article and the Critical Thinking mini-lesson, how would you answer the following questions:  

  1. Why does the school board not allow Kenner to have his service dog in class?
    • What reasons can you find that are directly stated?
    • What reasons can you find that are implied?
  2. Why does Kenner and his family want the service dog in class?
    • What reasons can you find that are directly stated?
    • What reasons can you find that are implied?
  3. What barriers (if any) did Kenner’s family face trying to get the school to allow their son’s service dog in class?
  4. Why do you think the human rights tribunal ruling was controversial? (Controversial means a public disagreement that goes on for a while with strong emotions on both sides)
  5. Look at the direct quotes used in this article. How does the author show when they insert, alter or remove words in the original quote? How does this affect the reader’s ability to be full minded? 
  6. What would help us to be more full minded in thinking about this issue? What information are we missing?
  7. Everyone learns in different ways. Should students be allowed to choose the way they learn in class? Be full minded as you explain your thinking.

BONUS QUESTION

Systemic discrimination is when a system (like a government or school board) has policies that seem neutral but they actually have unfair effects on some groups of people. 

Kenner is still not allowed his service dog in class. Is this an example of systemic discrimination?  Why or why not?

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Filed Under: Reading Comprehension 6Cs Article Tagged With: article-009, critical thinking

Green Leader Says It Shouldn’t Have Taken This Long – Collaboration

Reading comprehension article handout (differentiated Gr 5, 7, 9, 11) about COLLABORATION and how diverse leadership can help.

Annamie Paul was the first Black person to be the leader of a federal political party in Canada. She won the leadership race for the Green Party of Canada in October 2020.   

The take-away message is that collaboration happens when you have a group of people working together towards a common goal or objective, and they create something new:

  • it could be a new solution to a problem,
  • a new understanding of an issue, or
  • a new plan to reach a goal.

But the key is that the answer can’t be already known – it is created by the group collaborating together. (If the answer is already known by the leader and they’re simply “guiding” people to the answer, then this is probably an example of coordination and not collaboration.)

Real collaboration is where everyone’s input has a real chance in shaping the answer. Any group member’s idea might add to the key that helps unlock the puzzle. So, in this case, having a diverse point of view gives us more chances to create something very new.

Differentiated Reading Text - Green Leader says it shouldn't have taken this long: SEL: Collaboration

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Green Leader Says It Shouldn’t Have Taken This Long – Collaboration

On October 3, 2020, Annamie Paul made history in Canada.  Members of the Green Party elected her to be their new leader. She is the first Black person and the first Jewish woman to be the leader of a federal political party.

Annamie did a radio interview. “We need to do better because I shouldn’t represent so many firsts in 2020,” she said. Hopefully, this will make it easier for others to follow in her footsteps.

“Symbolically, you know, I received calls from all over the country and text messages from people saying what a difference it made for them in terms of possibilities that they see for themselves and their children in politics.”

The Green Party posted on YouTube. The video was about the new leader. One scene was from a Black Lives Matter protest. The next scene showed people wearing face masks for Covid 19. Annamie talks in the video. “How are we going to build into the system, the kind of collaboration and cooperation that helped us avoid the worst during this crisis?” She also says “we can’t let the people down because we need to be in the room on their behalf.“

The Green Party focuses on non-violence, sustainability, and social justice. They also stand for ecological wisdom, participatory democracy, and respect for diversity. Right now, they have 3 people elected in the federal government. (There are 338 elected officials in total.) These elected people vote on laws. Their decisions affect all Canadians.

Annamie did a TV interview. She talked about having an impact. “From a policy perspective, having diverse leadership helps to create better public policies. So, this is just a huge win for people in Canada every time that it happens.”

The Green Party started looking for a leader in November 2019. Elizabeth May was the old leader but she stepped down. Jo-Ann Roberts became a temporary leader for a short time. Members in the party would need to choose a new leader. The Green Party held their 2020 leadership election online. People who were members of the party could vote between Sep 26 to Oct 3, 2020. There were 8 people to vote for.

The Green Party held virtual meetings. These online town halls gave members a chance to ask questions.

Annamie received verbal abuse for being Black and for being Jewish. One example was in July 2020. There was an online meeting with a public chat where people could type. Someone said racist and anti-Semitic things against Annamie. There were also anti-Semitic things said towards Meryam Haddad. Meryam was another person who wanted to be leader.

The moderator kicked the offensive person out of the Zoom meeting. They also got rid of their comments. All of the people running for leader spoke out against the inappropriate comments. The Green Party looked into what happened. They said they would kick the person out of the party. This was hard because the person used fake ID to get into the meeting. It’s not clear if they are Green Party members.

Annamie sent out a tweet. “As a Black Jewish candidate, I’ve been subject to months of anti-Semitic & racist attacks. Party silence emboldened hate. It ends when I win.”

Now, the Green Party leadership race is over. Annamie is the new leader. Who knows how things will change in the Green party or in Canada.

Collaboration Mini-Lesson

Collaboration is when a group of people work together to create something new. It can be a new solution to a problem, a new plan to reach a goal or a new understanding of a concept. In real collaboration, the solution isn’t already known to the group – it’s created by the group through discussion. It’s also important that anyone’s ideas could hold the key to unlocking the task.  

Just because you’re working in a group doesn’t mean you’re collaborating. You might be coordinating or cooperating instead.

  • If someone in the group is telling people what to do or guiding them to the “correct” answer, then this teamwork style is probably coordination. For example, a class discussion where the teacher is guiding students to the expected answer.
  • If people in the group are sharing resources but they each focus on their own part, then this is probably cooperation. For example, students in a group share answers or resources (textbook), but really everyone is just trying to finish their own worksheet.

Look at the photo below. Is this group of people collaborating, coordinating, or cooperating? Use clues from the image to answer the following guiding questions.

  1. What makes this group of people a team? How did these people happen to be together at this moment of time? Do they have a shared goal or common objective?
  2. How are these people organized? Are they organized randomly or does seating and location matter? Why did they choose to be where they are? 
  3. How does this group make decisions? Who decides which questions to ask or which ideas to discuss? Do some people get to share ideas more than others?

Who is in “charge” or “responsible” to get the job done? Is the answer already decided before the team meets? Who has the final say and does that ever change?

Reading Comprehension Questions

Based on the article and the Collaboration mini-lesson, how would you answer the following questions:  

  1. Why does Annamie Paul becoming leader of the Green Party of Canada make a difference for some people?
  2. Do people from different cultures, genders, or lived experiences have very different points of view?
  3. Do different points of view help collaboration or get in the way?
  4. What does diverse leadership mean? How might having diverse leadership help create better laws?
  5. Annamie Paul says, “we can’t let the people down because we need to be in the room on their behalf.” Is she in a position where she can make a real impact?
  6. The new leader of the Green Party also says having diverse leadership is “a huge win for people in Canada every time that it happens” Do you think it is a huge win, a minor win, or not really a win at all? Why do you think that?
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Filed Under: Reading Comprehension 6Cs Article Tagged With: article-008, collaboration

California Surfer Breaks Stereotypes – Character Education

This article is about CHARACTER and how a California surfer breaks stereotypes just by being herself.

Reading comprehension article handouts are differentiated at three reading levels (approximately Grades 5, 7, and 9.) Includes sample answers.

Mary Mills is a local California surfer who has written over 1,305 blog posts chronicling everything from her daily thoughts, her surf sessions, and her titanium knee replacement.  

The takeaway message is that everyone faces obstacles at some point in life. Sometimes, we don’t want to do something. Or, we’re confused, stuck, or not sure what to do next. Or, maybe we tried, but it didn’t work out, so we give up. 

Character is about having the grit, tenacity, and perseverance to overcome obstacles. We build character when we try to find a way not to give up. 

Differentiated Reading Text: California Surfer Breaks Stereotypes - Social-Emotional Learning: Character

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California surfer breaks stereotypes

Local California surfer writes for over a decade about her surfing, surgery, and life.

From January 2005 to October 2016, Mary Mills wrote over 1,305 blog posts. She wrote about everything. She described her daily thoughts, her surf sessions, and her titanium knee replacement.

“I came to surfing and the ocean somewhat late in life,” Mills told Ken McKnight of UK Mat Surfers. “The blog has stories to tell about events in my life that are long forgotten.”

Mills is also known as Surf Sister. She rides longboards and surf mats in southern California. She’s been a regular on the waves for two decades, but she only learned to swim at 23.

Three months after she had her son, Mills started surfing. “He’s 17 now and I’m 56 and fabulous,” said Mills in August 2019. She was doing an interview with Chelsea Woody, one of the founders of Textured Waves.

Mills is indeed fabulous.

She is a former part-time English teacher among other jobs. Mills has three college degrees including a Master of Arts in English and a Doctor of Law. She would happily get another degree if she had the money.

In the early days of her blog, Mills writes about surfing before or after work. When she had knee replacement surgery, she blogged about her recovery. She hopes that younger patients can find the information that she couldn’t.

In April 2009, Mills posted a photo of her quiver of surfboards. This was the day before her surgery. She wanted to use the photo as motivation during rehab. In April 2011, she blogged about how surprised she was that it was the two-year anniversary of her surgery.

Surf Sister writes about how when she first read about mats, she couldn’t find one. She could only find pool toys on eBay. Then, she met Paul Gross who made her first custom mat. Ten years later, Mills now manages the Instagram account for his business, 4th Gear Flyer.

Her blog posts talk about everything. She writes about her approach with lifeguards (since matting was technically illegal.) She writes about 4:30 am waves and the magic of it all coming together. There are posts about surfing in pain. There are also posts about days when she surfs hard and doesn’t feel any pain at all. (What knee replacement?)

If you read a lot of her work, you get submersed in the love and passion Mills has for the surf. There’s also an underlying current of her experiences as someone who doesn’t fit in. She doesn’t fit corporate America and Hollywood’s definition of surf culture.

Mills talks about this in her 2011 when she wrote for The Inertia. She called her post, Don’t Laugh at Me and My Mat.

“When I paddle out at a spot where people don’t know me, I’m met with stares, silent curiosity, whispering and, ultimately, smiles. Those reactions used to unnerve me when I first started surfing. Over the years, I’ve gotten to the place where I don’t always notice the reactions of others when I enter the water. Then I started riding a mat.”

Most people surf on surfboards, not inflatable mats.  But for Mills, mats are a game changer. She tries to explain the difference on her blog.

“Surfing a board separates you from the ocean in some ways. Riding a mat allows you to feel that energy. The mat is molding itself to the wave beneath it and the person on top of it. Your fins and legs are in the water doing their best to help you steer.”

It’s these types of experiences that lead Mills to call herself a “stereotype buster.”

One day, a photographer for the California Coastal Commission took a photo of Mills. They were updating their 2019 ad campaign. This year, they wanted to feature different people along the coast.  Mills was wearing her red bodysuit and holding her surfboard. The ads would run on bus stations around California during tax season. The goal of the ads was to ask people to donate money to help protect the coastline.

Each person in the ad campaign described themselves. Mary Mills was surfer, mom, and stereotype buster.

Even the title of her blog shows her journey, not only of a surfer but of a stereotype buster. In the beginning, the blog was called “Surf and the fury”. Then the title was “As I Lay Surfing” and “Intruder in the surf.” Finally, the title changed to “Black people don’t surf – did I stutter?”

Mills was once asked about her role as an elder. Today, a younger generation looking for role models appreciate her voice and actions. Mills gave the following explanation.

“Surfing is my time, but what I will do is show up so people can see me, and if they need to take my picture that’s fine. I have allowed myself to be present because like I always tell folks, I don’t want anyone to ever say that black people didn’t surf.”

Character Mini-Lesson

Character is about having the grit, tenacity and perseverance to overcome obstacles. 

Here are some common obstacles we see in the classroom. Have you said any of these before?

  • I don’t want to.
  • I’m confused. I’m stuck. 
  • I’m not sure what to do.
  • I tried, but it didn’t work. I give up.

Everyone faces obstacles at some point in life. 

The real question is, what do we do when things get tough? Do we give up? Do we complain? Do we feel embarrassed that it didn’t work? Do we just try harder even though it didn’t work the first time and hope for the best? 

Do we try a different way? Do we take a step back and try to figure out what went wrong? Do we pay attention to results and wonder about what worked or didn’t work?

Each challenge we face is an opportunity for us to work on our character. We build character when we try to find a way not to give up.

Reading Comprehension Questions

Based on the article and the Character mini-lesson, how would you answer the following questions:  

  1. This article is called, “California Surfer.” What images come to mind when you read that?
  1. What year did Mary Mills…
    • start swimming?
    • start surfing?
    • start surfing on mats?
    • have knee surgery?
  1. How old was Mary Mills when she
    • started swimming?
    • started surfing?
    • started surfing on mats?
    • had knee surgery?
  1. Mary Mills described herself as a “stereotype buster.”
    • What stereotypes did she bust?
    • Give an example of how some of those stereotypes are portrayed in commercials (corporate America) or movies (Hollywood).
    • Explain how Mary Mills breaks those stereotypes.
  1. What obstacles did Mary Mills face? What does the text say explicitly, and what can we infer were some challenges she faced?
  2. Based on the mini-lesson, is this an example of good character? Why or why not?
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Filed Under: Reading Comprehension 6Cs Article Tagged With: article-007, character

Building Bridges between Police and Youth

Reading response article about CITIZENSHIP and building bridges between police officers and disadvantaged youth.

PK Subban is a professional hockey player. He has been using his position of power to help build bridges between police officers and disadvantaged youth by creating opportunities for the two groups to hang out with each other in positive ways.

The take-away message is that active citizenship means making a positive difference in your community.

We all belong to different communities – our school community, our local community, our country, the world, etc. But, citizenship also means making a positive difference to other groups based on aspects of our identity – gender, race, religion, etc.

Differentiated Reading Text: Building Bridges between Police and Disadvantaged Youth - Social-Emotional Learning: Citizenship

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Building bridges over dinner and a hockey game

PK Subban plays hockey for the NHL. He also helps connect police officers and disadvantaged youth. He gives them a chance to hang out with each other in positive ways.

Subban plays defence for the New Jersey Devils. Every home game, he brings 4 guests together. They enjoy a nice dinner. They also get great seats to watch the his team play hockey. Subban is a good host. He chats with his guests before and after the game.

Two of his guests are under privileged youth. The youth live in Newark. The other two guests are police officers. The officers work in Newark.

Subban knows that people don’t always get a chance to know each other very well. 

“Anybody that’s grown up in inner-city understands that law enforcement can be perceived in different ways.”

Subban also knows that being a police officer can be hard work. It can be a dangerous job. His best friend was a police officer.

These days, things are getting tense. People want things to change. So, PK Subban came up with this program. He calls it Blueline Buddies. He came up with the idea when he played for the Nashville Predators. Subban now plays for a new team in a new city, but he still brings people together.

“I’m all for athletes and people in general exercising their rights… I’m making an effort to build a bridge. Trying to create positive energy between police officers that leave their houses every day, leave their families every day and don’t know if they’re going to come back, and our underprivileged youth.”

Subban knows that this is about giving a chance to others.

“I know that I have the opportunity to purchase 4 tickets to a home game, 41 times. Who sits in those seats, that’s up to me. And I chose to have 2 underprivileged children that don’t have the opportunity and two police officers that have the opportunity now to mingle with underprivileged kids who may have only ever seen cops in a bad light.”

Of course, one meal and one game together won’t fix all of the world’s problems. But it is a chance to start a conversation.

D’Angelo Bennett, his son and his nephew had dinner and watched a game with local police. Later on, Bennett talked about what happened.

“The boys haven’t stopped talking about this and I think they will look at things differently from now on. Even me, I’m 41, I’ve never sat down and had a conversation with a police officer before. Hell, it changed my view.”

Blueline Buddies also has a positive effect on some police officers. One officer even sent Subban an email.

“I’m going to stay in touch with this kid…  we’re going to go to many more games because I got season tickets…”

Citizenship Mini-Lesson

Citizenship is about being a member (or citizen) of a country. But, when we talk about citizenship at school, we’re talking about being an active citizen or good citizenship. 

Think about it:

  • Just because you are part of a sports team doesn’t mean you are a good teammate.
  • Just because you are at school doesn’t automatically mean you are a good student.
  • And so, just because you are a citizen does not mean you are automatically a good citizen.

How to be a good citizen

Let’s look at how to be a good team member to figure out how to be a good citizen. 

Think about an athlete on a sports team, a musician in a band, or someone involved in a play.

What makes someone a good teammate? Jot down some ideas

  • ________________________________________________________________
  • ________________________________________________________________
  • ________________________________________________________________

Now, look back at some of your answers and challenge your ideas. 

Is someone who scores a lot of points in the game automatically a good team member? Can you be a good team member and not score a lot of points?

We are all part of different communities. 

Being a good citizen is like being a good teammate. It’s about taking action to make a positive difference in your community.

Think about the communities that you are part of. 

  • What do you do in class that helps make a positive difference in class?
  • What do you do at school that helps make a positive difference at school?
  • What do you do outside of school to help make a positive difference in your community?

Background Information

  • May 2009: Subban starts playing for the Montreal Canadiens
  • September 2015: Subban pledges $10 million donation to Montreal Children’s Hospital
  • June 2016: Subban traded to Nashville Predators
  • August 2016: San Francisco 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick protests anthem over treatment of minorities. A number of NFL players take a knee or stay in the locker rooms in protest. Other athletes in different sports also protest. (source: 2016-present)
  • September 2017: PK Subban says he would never take a knee during the national anthem.
  • October 2017: Blueline Buddies is in full swing.
  • December 2017: Article in the Tennessean:
  • “I’m all for athletes and people in general exercising their rights… I’m making an effort to build a bridge. Trying to create positive energy between police officers that leave their houses every day, leave their families every day and don’t know if they’re going to come back, and our underprivileged youth.”
  • “The boys haven’t stopped talking about this and I think they will look at things differently from now on. Even me, I’m 41, I’ve never sat down and had a conversation with a police officer before. Hell, it changed my view.”
  • October 2018: Blueline Buddies is back.
  • January 2018: Subban talks with The Daily Show with Trevor Noah
  • “I have the opportunity to purchase 4 tickets to a home game, 41 times. Who sits in those seats, that’s up to me.”
  • “I’m going to stay in touch with this kid… we’re going to go to many more games because I got season tickets…”
  • January 2019: Blueline Buddies still in the mix.
  • June 2019: PK Subban traded to New Jersey Devils
  • January 2020: Blueline Buddies (New Jersey)
  • January 2020: Blueline Buddies (Tennessee) still going on.
  • January 2020: Subban talks with Hip New Jersey:
  • “Anybody that’s grown up in inner-city understands that law enforcement can be perceived in different ways”
  • March 2020: NHL shuts down the season due to Covid-19
  • June 2020: Subban donates $50,000 to fund for George Floyd’s daughter. Convinces the NHL league to match the donation

Reading Comprehension Questions

Based on this citizenship mini-lesson, how would you answer the following questions:  

  1. What communities or groups do you think PK Subban is a part of? (For example, he’s ___. He’s a ___)
  1. What actions did P.K. Subban do (or not do)? What message might this send? Who might benefit if this message is accepted?
  1. What do we mean when we talk about building bridges in this article? Which bridges are the hardest to build? Which are the easiest?
  1. Is this an example of good citizenship? Why or why not?
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Filed Under: Reading Comprehension 6Cs Article Tagged With: article-006, citizenship

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Different Reading Strategies List (PDF)

Evaluating Reading Strategy: Lesson, video, handouts (that work with any text)

Evaluating Reading Strategy Lesson Plan

How to Infer – 4 PRO TIPS: 1. Figure out what the text is really saying even though it doesn’t say it like this. (Evidence from the text + your thinking = an inference) 2. Your inference cannot be directly in the text. It has to be something new that you figured out based on the text. 3. Use Somebody Wanted But So to think about the text and make inferences. 4. Use It says, I say, And so to explain your inference.

Inferring Reading Strategy Lesson Plan (Inferencing)

How to Make (Deeper) Connections - 4 PRO TIPS: 1. Connect with things you’ve read (text to text), things you’ve experienced (text to self), or things people know (text to world) 2. Avoid simple connections. Find things that are same-same but different. 3. Use one of these thought patterns: "This is like that, but… so…" or "A is like B, and B is _ so A is probably _" 4. Stop after every heading or paragraph and make a connection

Making Connections Reading Strategy Lesson Plan: How to make deeper Text-to-Self, Text-to-Text, and Text-to-World connections

4 PRO TIPS to the Repairing Comprehension Reading Strategy 1. Read a paragraph and SAY SOMETHING: Ask a question, Make a connection, Make an inference, Form an opinion 2. Does your SAY SOMETHING make sense with stuff you know about the world? If not, re-read the paragraph. Use PEEP to clarify your thinking. 3. Does your SAY SOMETHING make sense with stuff you already read in this text? If not, re-read the paragraph. Re-read the other stuff you already read.Use PEEP to figure out why it doesn’t make sense. 4. PEEP: Point, Evidence, Explanation, Point

Repairing Comprehension Reading Strategy Lesson Plan

Asking Questions Reading Comprehension Strategy - 4 PRO TIPS 1. Don't ask a question you already know the answer to. 2. Try to answer your own question. Use evidence from the text. 3. Ask lots of questions. Include higher-order thinking questions (why or how / would or might) 4. Stop after every heading or paragraph and ask a question.

Asking Questions Reading Strategy

FIND THE MAIN IDEA 4 PRO TIPS: 1. Focus on the BIG PICTURE (the entire article). Summarize the entire article in a word or phrase. What general point is the author trying to make? 2. Look for clues in key spots. (How is the text organized?) 3. Think about each paragraph. What is this paragraph about? (Where is the main idea in the paragraph? Beginning? Middle? End?) What role does this paragraph play?  4. Find the “best” main idea. The main idea is NOT always directly stated. The best idea has strong support from the beginning, middle, and end of the entire article.

Finding the Main Idea – Reading Comprehension Strategy Lesson Plan

Active Reading Strategies Lesson and Handouts: Works with any text!

Active Reading Strategies Lesson – Power Up Tool Kit

6Cs Reading Comprehension Articles

  • Axe Body Spray stops a Florida school bus due to a “hazardous materials incident”
  • Small business owner pays it forward by paying overdue utility bills for 36 families over the holidays
  • Pork roast cooked in a car during a record-breaking heat wave in Australia
  • Airplane wheel falls off during takeoff in Canada
  • Rosa Parks: Quiet Courage in Communication
  • Building Bridges between Police and Youth
  • California Surfer Breaks Stereotypes – Character Education
  • Green Leader Says It Shouldn’t Have Taken This Long – Collaboration
  • Service Dog – Is this Discrimination? (Critical Thinking)
  • Devious Sips, TikTok trends, and Active Citizenship
  • Online Shopping and Fraud – Critical Thinking – Article 011

SEL Reading Comprehension Articles

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  • What if I took it off for you? Reading Response Passage

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